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2012 年 1 月 3 日 星期二  |
常用的降糖中成藥  |
分類: 未分類 |
中醫治療糖尿病，包括“降糖，調節血脂、減輕體重和解除症狀”等內容。糖尿病中醫稱為消渴病，臨床上分為三個期：早期稱為“脾癉(讀音:dān)”（糖尿病前期）；中期稱為“消渴”（糖尿病發病期）；後期稱為“消癉”（糖尿病並發症期）。這樣認識糖尿病，條理清，層次明。糖尿病治療的目標是力爭健康長壽。基本措施包括合理飲食，適當運動，心態平和，戒掉菸酒等，在此基礎上根據各自不同的病情再選用口服或註射中藥西藥、針灸、按摩等治療。在此，僅就我40年臨床經驗，對常用的幾種中成藥，做簡要介紹，供糖尿病患者參考iksog blog iksog。
玉泉丸(九芝堂)
【成分】葛根、天花粉、地黃、五味子、麥冬、生甘草。
【功能主治】養陰生津，止渴除煩，益氣和中。
【用法用量】每次5克，每日4次。
據我的臨床實踐發現，本藥用於消渴病的脾癉和消渴期，有利症狀改善，有助於降低血糖、調節血脂。臨床表現為口乾多飲，多食易飢，心煩失眠，汗多乏力，舌紅，脈細者適用此藥。但是必須知道，只靠此丸治療力度不夠，達不到治療目的。病情已到消癉期者慎用。
消渴丸
【成分】葛根、天花粉、黃芪、生地、玉米須、南五味子、山藥、格列本脲（優降糖）。
【功能主治】益氣養陰，滋腎生津，降糖。用於消渴病的脾癉期和消渴期，血糖高者。臨床表現為口渴喜飲，尿多，食多易飢，消瘦，疲乏無力等氣陰兩虛證者適用此藥。
【用法用量】每日服1∼3次，每次服2∼10粒，飯前用溫開水送服。
【規格】每10粒中含優降糖2.5毫克。
【禁忌】消渴期到消癉期，肝腎功能不好，對優降糖過敏者禁用。
【注意事項】本藥降糖作用強，使用方便。起始用量宜小，特別是老年人，慎防低血糖出現。
渴樂寧膠囊
【成分】黃芪、黃精、生地、太子參、天花粉。
【功能主治】益氣養陰，滋腎生津。用於消渴病的脾癉、消渴期。臨床表現為疲乏無力，心悸氣短，口渴汗多，多食易飢，血糖偏高者適用此藥。
【用法用量】每日3次，每次4粒，3個月為一個療程。
【注意事項】新近研究認為，天花粉對腎臟有損害，長期服用宜定期檢查尿和腎功能，病到消癉期者禁用。
金芪降糖片
【成分】黃芪、金銀花。
【功能主治】益氣清熱，有較小的降糖作用。用於消渴病，氣虛有熱，臨床表現為口渴多飲，多食易飢，氣短乏力的糖尿病患者，用此藥可起輔助治療作用。
【用法用量】每次飯前服7∼10粒，2個月為一個療程。
仙靈骨葆
【成分】主要由淫羊藿、續斷、丹參、知母組成。
【功能主治】滋補肝腎，活血通絡，強筋壯骨，用於肝腎不足，血淤阻絡所致的骨質疏鬆症。我常用本藥治療老年糖尿病患者因骨質疏鬆引起的腰腿酸痛，取得良好效果。
【用法用量】口服，預防量：每日2次，每次1∼2??粒。治療量：每日2次，每次3粒，4∼6週為一個療程。
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